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Why is this important?
Social Capital
can be defined as the quantity and quality of the interactions among the individual members
of a community. It refers to those groups of people we turn to whenever we have a problem to
solve or need information. At its best, it is a network built on trust. The more people we know
and trust, the greater the reservoir of information and knowledge we have to draw upon.
Trust, however, doesn’t come easily; it must be earned. One way people earn our trust is
through shared experiences. The more often we interact with someone, usually through
participation in civic events such as Little League, Church Groups, business organizations,
etc., the more we learn about them, and little-by-little, trust develops.
Businesses earn trust the same way. If you owned a business, who would you rather buy your
inventory from—a company you know and trust, or one about whom you know practically nothing? The
same principal applies to advice. Would you rather listen to someone you know has experience
with a particular problem, or a stranger?
The question then, becomes, how do we increase our contacts? One way is through direct
interaction, i.e. face-to-face encounters with others. We interact with others on various
projects, and they, in turn, introduce us to people they know and trust, thus expanding our
contact base.
Often, it is these type of contacts from whom we garner information that helps us achieve
business and personal goals. Had we not taken the time to interact directly with someone else,
chances are, an opportunity learned though a new contact would not have occurred.
One of the problems communities face when trying to build Social Capital is the very nature
of today’s lifestyles. Individuals are less likely to volunteer their time than they were fifty
years ago. Instead of attending meetings, they are home with their families watching television
or surfing the Internet.
Smart
communities are finding new, inventive ways to connect with their citizens. Instead of
viewing the Internet as a problem, they embrace it as vehicle to help reverse the decline of
civic involvement. Thousands of communities all over the world now offer interactive websites where citizens learn about
problems, areas of concern and activities. Some even offer blogs where citizens are invited to
offer opinions or suggest solutions to common problems.
Communities rich in social capital tend to fare better economically than those where trust is
the exception, rather than the rule. When individuals and businesses within a community trust
each other, they are more willing to work on projects for mutual benefit. This leads to
successful collaborations, which can become the template for future collaborations, all of which
help sustain a community’s economic viability.
Further Reading:
Beem, C. (1999) The Necessity of Politics. Reclaiming
American public life, Chicago: University of Chicago Press. 311 + xiv pages.
Cohen, D. and Prusak, L. (2001)In
Good Company. How social capital makes organizations work, Boston, Ma.: Harvard
Business School Press.214 +xiii pages.
Putnam, R. D. (2000) Bowling Alone. The collapse
and revival of American community, New York: Simon and Schuster. 541 pages.
Putnam, R. D. (ed.) (2002) Democracies in Flux: The Evolution of
Social Capital in Contemporary Society, New York: Oxford University Press. 522 pages.
Skocpol, T. (2003) Diminished Democracy. From
membership to management in American civic life, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press.
366 + xviii pages.
Wuthnow, R. (1998) Loose
Connections: Joining Together in America Fragmented Communities, Harvard: Harvard
University Press, 276 pages.